The oxygen sensor in your vehicle is an electronic component that is designed to measure levels of oxygen in the engine exhaust. Typically, the oxygen sensor is mounted to the exhaust system tube, with the sensor part inside the tube. This measures the oxygen mixture by generating a small amount of electricity do to the difference in atmosphere, oxygen and carbon dioxide. The ECM monitors this voltage and adjusts the fuel system and engine timing accordingly.
The engine control unit adjusts fuel intake necessary for correct combustion. The oxygen sensor is in continuous communication with the electronic engine control unit. When the engine is cold the oxygen sensor is not as active. To correct this condition the oxygen sensor has been constructed with a 12 volt heater element. This heater allows the sensor to read at maximum efficiency quicker. When the throttle is wide open and under max load the oxygen sensor will go full voltage until normal operating conditions return. Typically changing an oxygen sensor when necessary is a simple process. Most solutions to oxygen sensor problems result in changing the oxygen sensor. Due to the severe usage the sensor endures, it is common for most sensors to last approximately 60,000 miles, however it is not uncommon for an oxygen sensor to last only 30,000 miles depending on your driving habits and vehicle conditions
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